Orthopedic Impairments
Federal Definition (Including IDEA) and other commonly used definitions)
Orthopedic impairment: A severe orthopedic impairment that adversely affects educational performance. The term includes impairments such as amputation, absence of a limb, cerebral palsy, poliomyelitis, and bone tuberculosis.
http://www.ericdigests.org/1999-4/ideas.htm
Causations of disabilities (when known)
· Congenital anomaly. An irregularity (anomaly) that is present at birth; might or might not be due to genetic factors.
· Cerebral palsy (CP). A condition characterized by paralysis, weakness, lack of coordination, and /or other motor dysfunction; caused by damage to the brain before it has matured.
· Quadriplegia. A condition in which all four limbs are paralyzed.
· Paraplegia. A condition in which both legs are paralyzed.
· Spasticity. Characterized by muscle stiffness and problems in voluntary movement; associated with spastic cerebral palsy.
· Choreoathetoid. Characterized by involuntary movements and difficulty with balance; associated with choreoathetoid cerebral palsy.
· Atonic. Lack of muscle tone; floppiness.
· Seizure (convulsion). A sudden alteration of consciousness, usually accompanied by motor activity and /or sensory phenomena; caused by an abnormal discharge of electrical energy in the brain.
· Epilepsy. A pattern of repeated seizures.
· Spina bifida. A congenital midline defect resulting from failure of the bony spinal column to close completely during fetal development.
· Neural tube defect. Any defect involving the spinal cord.
· Muscular dystrophy. A hereditary disease characterized by progressive weakness caused by degeneration of muscle fibers.
· Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. A systematic disease with major symptoms involving the muscles and joints.
· Scoliosis. An abnormal curvature of the spine.
(Hallahan, Kauffman, and Pullen, 2009, p. 495-504)
Characteristics of disabilities
· Prosthesis. A device designed to replace, partially or completely, a part of the body (e.g., artificial teeth or limbs).
· Orthosis. A device designed to restore, partially or completely, a lost function of the body (e.g., a brace or crutch)
· Adaptive devices. Special tools that are adaptations of common items to make accomplishments self-care, work, or recreation activities easier for people with physical disabilities.
(Hallahan, Kauffman, and Pullen, 2009, p. 511)
What does a student with (specific disability) need from a teacher (regarding structure and organization, curriculum, expectations, special adaptations, transition, and/or social relationships with peers)?
· Individualized family service plan (IFSP). A plan mandated by P.L. 99-457 to provide services to young children with disabilities (under three years of age) and their families; drawn up by professionals and parents; similar to an IEP for older children.
(Hallahan, Kauffman, and Pullen, 2009, p. 514)
Organizations that support, work for, or advocate for the disability.
World Institute on Disability
Welcome to the National Council on Disability (NCD)
SCI Support Network
National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR)
Spinal Cord Injury Resources
Paraquad The corporate ladder needs more ramps!
GLADNET Home Page GLobal Applied Disability Research Network for Employment and Training
World Association of Physically Disabled (WAPD)
http://www.disabledparents.net/links.html
· A Celebration of Wheels - A portfolio of active wheelchair users who enjoy full and fulfilling lives. pop (Added: 16-Jul-2002 Hits: 1732 Rating: 0 Votes: 0) Rate It
· ABA Commission on Mental & Physical Law pop (Added: 24-Feb-1998 Hits: 399 Rating: 0 Votes: 0) Rate It
· Access-Ability (United Kingdom) pop (Added: 21-Aug-1998 Hits: 443 Rating: 0 Votes: 0) Rate It
· ADAPT - same pop (Added: 14-May-1999 Hits: 452 Rating: 8.07 Votes: 14) Rate It
· Advocate's Association for Disability Independence. - Disability Rights Self Advocacy and Advocacy for Others pop (Added: 26-Aug-2001 Hits: 411 Rating: 9.00 Votes: 4) Rate It
· American Association of People with Disabilities pop (Added: 20-Jun-2000 Hits: 881 Rating: 7.50 Votes: 2) Rate It
· Christopher Reeve Paralysis Foundation pop (Added: 06-May-2001 Hits: 448 Rating: 10.00 Votes: 2) Rate It
· A.P.E.E. (Burkina Faso) - Association of Parents and Friends of Children suffering from Encephalitis, is an association of parents, friends and sympathisers of children who are intellectually deficient and who suffer from associated mental disorders and disabilities, it is a non profit making association (Added: 26-Jun-2003 Hits: 118 Rating: 0 Votes: 0) Rate It
· AAC Institute - The AAC Institute is a not-for-profit charitable organization dedicated to the most effective communication for people who rely on augmentative and alternative communication. (Added: 4-Jun-2003 Hits: 116 Rating: 0 Votes: 0) Rate It
· ABA Resources - ABA Resources for Recovery from Autism/PDD/Hyperlexia (Added: 21-Nov-2002 Hits: 70 Rating: 0 Votes: 0) Rate It http://vps.wapd.org/links/Disability_Organizations_-_Associations/
Long term implications of the disability on adolescents and adults
· Supported employment. A method of integrating people with disabilities who cannot work independently into competitive employment; includes use of an employment specialist, or job coach, who helps the person with a disability function on the job.
(Hallahan, Kauffman, and Pullen, 2009, p. 523)
Current trends
All people who work with young children with physical disabilities have two concerns: (1) early identification and intervention and (2) development of communication. Besides communication, the first concern of teachers of young children with physical disabilities should be handling ad positioning. Handling refers to how the child is picked up, carried, held, and assisted; positioning refers to providing support for the child’s body and arranging instructional or play materials in certain ways.
(Hallahan, Kauffman, and Pullen, 2009, p. 520-521)
Annotated bibliography of at least 6 resources
(websites, booklist, articles) for each disability area
· More information about epilepsy is available at www.efa.org
· For more information about spina bifida, see the Website of the National Spina Bifida Association of America: www.sbaa.org Also see the National Spinal Cord Injury Association: www.spinalcord.org
· Children with special health needs and their families face common problems. Family voices (National Coalition for Children with Special Healthcare Needs) provides information at www.familyvoices.org
(Hallahan, Kauffman, and Pullen, 2009, p. 499-524)